Toward brain organoid-based precision medicine in neurodegenerative diseases

In recent years, the concept of precision medicine—an approach to developing personalized drugs for disease prevention or treatment—has emerged as an up-and-coming field in medical research. However, there are numerous limitations applying this treatment neurodegenerative diseases, such Alzheimer disease, because invasiveness obtaining human brain samples. Meanwhile, development organoids has become one most powerful vitro research tools these can be established from induced pluripotent stem cells embryonic cells. review, we discuss how effectively utilize medicine conjunction with a variety high-end techniques clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) genomic editing, integrative multi-omics analysis, 3D tissue clearing, and high-content screening confocal microscopy imaging systems. We herein provide new insights order materialize organoid-based therapy future directions.